FARMS - financial and resource management for schools
The finance and resource management for schools (FARMS) manual is the official guidelines for schools, supporting principals and school body members to effectively manage their finances and other resources.
Principals and school bodies must:
- meet the requirements as set out in the mandated FARMS manual
- act within the governing principles and demonstrate good decision making
- meet all statutory and legislative requirements relating to school financial and resource management
- work in partnership to achieve good financial governance, including keeping each other informed of decisions and rationale
- work effectively within the total available resources of the school
- use school resources in a strategic manner to deliver quality education programs that meet the targeted learning and wellbeing needs of the school’s student cohort
- use recurrent funding in the year provided for that year’s student cohort
- complete and implement school-wide procedures that include appropriate internal controls to make sure school resources are used as planned, in an accountable way
The manual has been approved for publication by the chief executive under section 112 of the Education Act 2015.
| Title | Summary | File | Resources | Keywords |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chapter 1 - Governance | Governance: This chapter sets out instructions and responsibilities placed upon principals, school bodies, the CE and the department and includes code of conduct, segregation of duties, department-held and school-held funds. |
FARMS chapter 1 - Governance PDF (852.8 KB) |
ICAC Good decision making guide (staff access only) |
Governance, principal, deputy CE, senior director, student, segregation, duties, conduct |
| Chapter 2 - Accounting | Accounting: This chapter provides guidance and responsibilities for the financial record-keeping requirements for assets, liabilities, equity, income and expenses for school-held funds. |
FARMS chapter 2 - Accounting PDF (290.2 KB) |
Australian Taxation Office Australian Accounting Standards Board Auditors and Bookkeepers panel (staff access only) |
Accounting, audit, cash, account, expenses, leases, liabilities, powers, agreements |
| Chapter 3 - Assets and inventory | Assets and inventory: This chapter provides instructions and outlines responsibilities for all school-held fund assets. Assets refers to all cash assets, the school's other assets and all its liabilities including assets, inventories, plant and equipment. |
FARMS chapter 3 - Assets and inventory PDF (615.8 KB) |
Australian Taxation Office Jira (staff access only) |
Assets, condition, assessment, cash, liabilities, inventories, plant, equipment, record |
| Chapter 4 - Bank accounts | Bank accounts: This chapter provides instructions and outlines responsibilities in regard to opening accounts, closing accounts, issuing debit cards and other bank account-related governance. |
FARMS chapter 4 - Bank accounts PDF (622.0 KB) |
Bankruptcy register search APRA |
Account, card, debit, term deposit, direct debit, signatories, closing, electronic, transfer, open, opening |
| Chapter 5 - Budget management | Budget management: This chapter explains the requirement for school budget management and includes the annual budget management cycle, cash benchmark, future year reserves, school resourcing fund, and school contributions. |
FARMS chapter 5 - Budget management PDF (291.1 KB) |
Annual School Improvement Plan (ASIP) (staff access only) Explicit Improvement Agenda (EIA) (staff access only) SRMMS - Convert an annual planning scenario to a different funding year (staff access only). |
Department, DHF, SHF, consolidated, budget, annual, cycle, future, reserves, contributions |
| Chapter 6 - Cash management | Cash management: This chapter includes information on cash handling, receipting, custody, transporting, storing, petty cash, Load&Go cards, point-of-sale floats, temporary floats, and banking cash and cheques. These requirements protect both the school’s assets and the people involved in handling the cash. |
FARMS chapter 6 - Cash management PDF (622.8 KB) |
ABN Lookup Australian Taxation Office |
Cash benchmark, cash, handling, receipting, custody, petty cash, floats, load |
| Chapter 7 - Chart of accounts | Chart of accounts: This chapter provides understanding on the structure and types of accounts used in school accounting. |
FARMS chapter 7 - Chart of accounts PDF (583.4 KB) |
Chart of Accounts (staff access only) Ci Anywhere (login required) |
Ledger, natural, accounts, job code, code, budget, costing, GST, component, profit, loss |
| Chapter 8 - Funding – government | Funding – government: This chapter includes information and responsibilities associated with funds received by schools through the School resourcing model and other department funding. |
FARMS chapter 8 - Government PDF (174.7 KB) |
Students with disabilty - Australian Government SRMMS login (restricted access) |
Funding, department, additional funding, control, funds, DHF, SHF, Back to school, financial support, application, approvals, CE approval |
| Chapter 9 - Funding – self generated | Funding – self generated: This chapter explains the activities schools can do to raise money, and whether additional CE approval is required, ownership and control of funds, and funding from sources other than the department. |
FARMS chapter 9 - Self generated PDF (183.5 KB) |
Application for financial support (staff access only) Co-ordinated funding model (staff access only) SRMMS login (restricted access) |
Funding raising, approval, CE, ticketed, hire, school facilities, contributions |
| Chapter 10 - Funding – additional sources | Funding – additional sources: This chapter provides information, responsibilities and approval requirements for funding received from sources other than the NT Government or fund raising. |
FARMS chapter 10 - Additional sources PDF (171.4 KB) |
GrantsNT website |
Grants, Commonwealth, third party, donations, NT Government, approval, capital, |
| Chapter 11 - Hospitality and entertainment | Hospitality and entertainment: under development |
FARMS chapter 11 - Under development - Hospitality and entertainment- under development PDF (94.8 KB) | ||
| Chapter 12 - Human resources | Human resources: This chapter provides high level information for principal and school bodies on HR in schools. |
FARMS chapter 12 - Human resources PDF (170.2 KB) |
Fair Work Ombudsman Chamber of Commerce NT |
NTPS, hours, classification, wages, allowances, executive contracts, teachers, mandatory learning, NTPS |
| Chapter 13 - Infrastructure | Infrastructure: This chapter provides a summary of key responsibilities for managing building and property maintenance in school for principals, school bodies and school employees. |
FARMS chapter 13 - Infrastructure PDF (176.6 KB) |
Government employee housing (GEH) (staff access only) Department of Housing, Local Government and Community Development website Policy and advisory library (staff access only) |
Infrastructure, capital, works, repairs, maintenance, UMR, NUMR, cyclical, specific |
| Chapter 14 - Insurance | Insurance: under development |
FARMS chapter 14 - Under development - Insurance PDF (93.6 KB) | ||
| Chapter 15 - Leasing | Leasing: under development |
FARMS chapter 15 - Under development - Leasing PDF (93.8 KB) | ||
| Chapter 16 - Procurement and expenditure | Procurement and expenditure: This chapter provides guideance and outlines responsibilities for purchases made with school held funds. |
FARMS chapter 16 - Procurement and expenditure PDF (175.5 KB) |
Policy and advisory library (staff access only) |
Procurement, purchasing, value, tiers, expenditure, assets, principles, delegations |
| Chapter 17 - Reporting | Reporting: This chapter explains the requirements and responsibilities for statutory reporting, mandated and optional school body reports, non-financial reporting and protecting information. |
FARMS chapter 17 - Reporting PDF (196.9 KB) |
ICAC NT Mandatory Reporting of Harm and Exploitation of Children |
Reporting, mandated, analyse, consolidated, balance, sheet, summary, budget, confidentiality |
| Chapter 18 - School financial assurance | School financial assurance: This chapter covers the financial audit completed by external sources and outlines the responsibilities principals, school bodies and auditors. |
FARMS chapter 18 - School financial assurance PDF (178.4 KB) |
Auditors and bookkeepers panel contract (staff access only) Institute of Public Accountants CPA Australia |
Auditors, bookkeepers, compliance, AGM, report, reporting |
| Chapter 19 - School handover | School handover: This chapter provides information regarding obligations and responsibilities for schools physical and financial assets when there is a temporary or permanent change of principal. |
FARMS chapter 19 - School handover PDF (155.5 KB) |
The school finance reference book (staff access only) Ci Anywhere (login required) |
Handover, principals, absences, outgoing, exit, responsible, officer |
| Chapter 20 - Taxation | Taxation: This FARMS manual chapter briefly overviews the various taxation requirements of SHF for income tax, Australian business number, goods and services tax, fringe benefits tax, deductable gift recipient, pay as you go, business activity statements, fuel tax credits, superannuation, payroll tax and MyID in schools. It also explains where there are extra requirements to comply with the relevant legislation. |
FARMS chapter 20 - Taxation PDF (224.2 KB) |
Deductible Gift Recipient categories myGov and myID VET portal |
myGov, goods, services, GST, superannuation, ATO, tax, income, ABN, BAS, benefits, GST, FBT, DGR, PAYG, FTC, BAS |
| Chapter 21 - Travel | Travel: under development |
FARMS chapter 21 - Under development - Travel PDF (93.5 KB) |
Supporting policy and advisory resources
- Approving your school held funds budget - a guide for school bodies PDF (149.4 KB)
- Overview of government school funding – transition to year 12 PDF (878.8 KB)
- School cash policy and guidelines PDF (276.4 KB)
- School representative bodies
- School vehicles procedure and guideline PDF (657.9 KB)
- 2025 school resourcing model funding enhancements – information about the better and fairer schools agreement
PDF (744.0 KB)
Contacts
For support or inquiries, please email the School Business Services team at school.finance@education.nt.gov.au
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